標題：模具零件電鍍失效機理分析及控制方法研究
作者：韋榮發，蒙世瑛，曹彪，麥育智，黃棋（上汽通用五菱汽車股份有限公司，廣西柳州545005）
摘要：針對電鍍后模具零件型面出現開裂的問題，介紹了模具零件電鍍的工作原理，并從模具結構強度、母材金相組織、模具熱處理工藝及電鍍過程的氫脆控制等方面剖析了模具零件開裂失效的機理。在此基礎上，提出了優化鑄件合金配比、電鍍前模具零件型面裂紋檢測與修復等改進措施并開展工程試驗。試驗結果表明，通過采取以上措施，避免了模具零件電鍍裂紋的產生并延長模具鉻層的使用壽命，可為提升模具零件電鍍質量與汽車覆蓋件成形質量提供借鑒。
關鍵詞：電鍍；開裂；金相組織分析；型面修復；工程試驗
中圖分類號：TG76；TQ153 文獻標識碼：B 文章編號：1001-2168（2020）06-0058-08
DOI：10.16787/j.cnki.1001-2168.dmi.2020.06.013
Study on failure mechanism of die parts electroplating and the control method
WEI Rong-fa, MENG Shi-ying, CAO Biao, MAI Yu-zhi, HUANG Qi（SAIC-GM-Wuling Automobile Co., Ltd., Liuzhou, Guangxi 545005, China）
Abstract: In view of the surface cracking of die parts after electroplating, the working principle of electroplating was briefly introduced. The mechanism of cracking failure was analyzed in detail from the aspects of structure strength of die, base metal microstructure, heat treatment technology and hydrogen embrittlement control. On this basis, the improvement measures were put forward such as optimizing the alloy ratio of the casting, detecting and repairing the crack of the die surface before electroplating, and the engineering tests were carried out. The test results showed that the above measures could effectively avoid the generation of plating crack and prolong the service life of chromium layer. It could be used for reference to improve the electroplating quality of die and the forming quality of automobile cover panels.
Key words: electroplating; cracking; metallographic analysis; surface repair; engineering test